Snakes are interesting to keep, but you must have the knowledge and resources to meet your snake’s unique needs and behaviours. Snakes are a long-term commitment and each species may have different requirements to allow them to thrive.
Snakes and other reptiles are often perceived as low-maintenance and easy to care for. However, research shows the top cause of captive reptile illness is inadequate care and husbandry. Captive snakes are highly motivated to carry out the same natural behaviour they would display in the wild. Snakes require housing that mimics their natural habitat and is large enough for them to completely stretch out. Snakes need proper heating, lighting and furnishings that allow them to display natural behaviours and experience a positive mental state.
A common misunderstanding is that snakes fear open space, so some believe they can be housed in small enclosures. While it’s true that snakes may seek out sheltered areas and cosy hiding spots for varying periods of time, this behaviour does not mean they fear open spaces. Research has shown when active snakes are given the choice between a small enclosure and a large enclosure, they prefer larger enclosures. Snake researchers have identified more than 20 signs of captivity stress and illness in snakes kept in enclosures that did not allow them to completely stretch out. Snakes thrive when they can move and stretch. This allows them to explore more and achieve the activity levels they would in their natural habitat, which is key to their wellbeing.
Some snakes may like to climb up branches, bathe in water, bask under a light or burrow underneath the substrate. It is Important to understand the natural behaviours specific to the snake species you are keeping and ensure you have the space to replicate the correct environment
Factsheet - Looking after your pet snake
Be prepared to welcome your new snake
- Where is the snake naturally found in the wild? Does it live on the ground or up in the trees? Does it live in the desert, the bushland, the water or the rainforest?
- How big will your snake grow? Snakes need an enclosure large enough to stretch out their entire body.
- What type of substrate or bedding do they need? Will they prefer sand, bark, mulch or something that holds moisture?
- What type of furnishings do they need? Think about hiding spots, living plants, rocks, logs and pools.
- What heating, lighting and humidity levels do they require, and can you provide this consistently throughout the year?
- What will the snake enjoy doing? Do they climb, swim or enjoy basking under a light?
- What food do they eat? Can you purchase frozen rodents or other appropriate prey items all year round?
- Where is your closest specialist reptile veterinarian? Not all veterinarians will treat reptiles.
Other tips
- Snakes need access to fresh, clean water at all times and their enclosure should be kept clean.
- Always maintain proper hygiene and wash your hands with hot, soapy water after handling snakes and cleaning their enclosures.
- Ensure children are taught how to be safe around captive snakes.